长江三峡库区典型滑坡降雨诱发的概率分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

谢守益  张年学 《工程地质学报》1995,3(2):60-69

降雨是诱发滑坡发生或复活的主要因素。作者根据对长江三峡库区典型滑坡的分析，得到几个典型滑坡降雨诱发的阀值，并利用阀值分析了典型滑坡降雨诱发的概率。  相似文献   

典型喀斯特岩性组合结构的流域水文干旱机制研究——以贵州省为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

贺中华  陈晓翔  梁虹  杨朝晖  黄法苏  曾信波 《地质科学》2015,50(1):340-353

水文干旱已成为全球气候变化背景下典型的自然现象,是气象干旱和农业干旱的延续和发展,是最终、最彻底的干旱。岩性是流域下垫面的重要组成物质,其岩性类型及结构控制着地貌及水系的发育、促进流域储水空间的形成,影响流域的储水能力,关系到流域水文干旱的发生。本文在贵州省选择40个典型流域为研究样区,利用面向对象分类技术,提取流域岩性类型的遥感信息;利用主成分分析及灰色理论,研究岩性类型及其结构对流域水文干旱的影响机制。研究表明:1)从岩性类型因素上看,流域岩性类型对水文干旱影响总体较大,影响从大到小排序(关联度)为:K(0.985)Z(0.96)0(0.924)J(0.922)S(0.806)D(0.788)ε(0.75)C(0.69)Pt(0.684)P(0.568)T(0.542);2)岩性类型的主成分因素对流域水文干旱影响从大到小排序(关联度)为:Z_3(0.48)Z_4(0.47)Z_1(0.44)Z_5(0.42)Z_2(0.39);3)岩性类型组合方式对流域水文干旱影响从大到小排序为:Ⅰ、ⅡⅤ、ⅣⅢ。  相似文献   

Climatic Characteristics of Binary Tropical Cyclones in the Northwest Pacific Ocean     

Yin Biwen  Ren Fumin  Li Guoping 《地球科学进展》2017,32(6):643-650

Based on typhoon best track data of China Meteorological Administration and NCEP global reanalysis data, this study analyzed the characteristics of binary tropical cyclones (TC) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean during 1951 to 2014 by using the objective determine standard. When the distance between the two TCs d≤ 1 800 km, they are defined as binary tropical cyclones or binary typhoons. And binary typhoons are divided into two different types which are typical binary typhoons and atypical binary typhoons. The climatic characteristics of binary tropical cyclones are as follows: There were 699 pairs of binary typhoons in Northwest Pacific Ocean during 1951 to 2014. In these cases, there were 446 pairs of typical binary typhoons and 253 pairs of atypical cases, occupying 63.8% and 36.2%, respectively. The proportion of typical cases increased with the shortest distance decreasing, while the proportion of atypical cases decreased with the shortest distance decreasing. When the speed of typical binary typhoons moving towards each other reached the peak, binary typhoons mainly showed the east to west direction. At this time, typhoons were controlled by easterly stream of the southern edge of the subtropical high. In this situation, the east typhoon moved toward the west typhoon quickly. When the anticlockwise angular velocity of typical binary typhoons reached the peak, binary cases distributed northeast to southwest or east-northeast to west-southwest, appearing in west and southwest edge of the subtropical high and mainly being controlled by southeasterly stream, thus benefiting the anticlockwise rotation between the typical binary typhoons.  相似文献   

广东省前兆台网数据跟踪分析情况概述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

严兴  刘锦  刘吉平  叶秀薇 《华南地震》2015,35(1):43-50

介绍了2014年6月份以来,广东前兆台网数据跟踪分析的开展情况,包括分析工作的推进,工作过程中存在过的问题及解决情况,事件分析的归类汇总和产出,典型事件记录的介绍和分析讨论。  相似文献   

红外热成像技术在震后房屋损坏快速鉴定中的应用研究.   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李志强  代博洋  李晓丽  何萍 《震灾防御技术》2012,7(1):1-11

本文引入了目前地震现场房屋快速安全性鉴定工作的辅助手段——红外热像无损检测技术,借用图像处理手段、数学统计方法等,探讨了震后房屋破坏红外图像的表现效果,分析了红外图像与各影响因素的关系.文中以汶川地震现场建筑物的典型震害为代表,重点分析了框架结构、砖混结构、简单结构房屋的红外图像表现.本文所涉及的建筑材料主要有水泥砂浆、钢筋混凝土、红砖、黏土、楠木、石棉瓦、水泥板等:表面装饰层材质有红漆、白色抹灰、黄色涂料、白色壁纸、红色瓷砖、白色瓷砖等.材料的物理性质不同,其表现出的红外图像特征差别较大.统计相关分析结果显示:图像的表现效果在下午时段优于中午时段和上午时段;晴天拍摄图像的表现效果最佳,雨天次之,阴天最差.同时,要考虑红外热像无损检测技术检测漏水破坏的优势,充分利用雨天对建筑物破坏的影响;光照射情况与红外图像表现效果的关系为:直面照射条件优于倾斜照射和不能照射;破坏程度相关分析统计结果显示,构件的“基本完好、轻微破坏、中等破坏”这3个破坏等级,随着破坏程度的递进,图像的表现效果增强;而构件的“中等破坏、严重破坏、毁坏”这3个破坏等级,随着破坏程度的递进,图像的表现效果无显著变化;对结构类型数据统计结果显示,底框架结构图像的表现效果优于砖混结构、框架结构和简单结构;装饰层材质分类相关统计分析结果显示,图像表现效果与材质性质、颜色、表面粗糙状况等因素有关.  相似文献   

The Method for Inferring a Buried Fault from Resistivity Tomograms and Its Typical Electrical Features     

Zhu Tao  Feng Rui  Zhou Jianguo  Hao Jinqi  Wang Hualin  Wang Shuoqing 《中国地震研究》2009,23(4):410-419

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has been used to experimentally detect shallow buried faults in urban areas in the past a few years, with some progress and experience obtained. According to the results from Olympic Park, Beijing, Shandong Province, Gansu Province and Shanxi Province, we have generalized the method and procedure for inferring the discontinuity of electrical structures (DES) indicating a buried fault in urban areas from resistivity tomograms and its typical electrical features. In general, the layered feature of the electrical structure is first analyzed to preliminarily define whether or not a DES exists in the target area. Resistivity contours in resistivity tomograms are then analyzed from the deep to the shallow. If they extend upward from the deep to the shallow and shape into an integral dislocation, sharp flexure (convergence) or gradient zone, it is inferred that the DES exists, indicating a buried fault. Finally, horizontal tracing is be carried out to define the trend of the DES. The DES can be divided into three types-type AB, ABA and AC. In the present paper, the Zhangdian-Renhe fault system in Zibo city is used as an example to illustrate how to use the method to infer the location and spatial extension of a target fault. Geologic drilling holes are placed based on our research results, and the drilling logs testify that our results are correct. However, the method of this paper is not exclusive and inflexible. It is expected to provide reference and assistance for inferring the shallow buried faults in urban areas from resistivity tomograms in the future.  相似文献   

2000—2009年锡林郭勒典型草原植被对气象因子的响应     

王鹏飞  孙文静  宋向阳  杨晶  王欣 《内蒙古气象》2012,(3):12-14

应用MODIS数据对2000—2009年植被变化情况及其与气温、降水量进行相关分析。2007年年均气温最高,降水最少,NDVI最大值和生长季平均值最低;在降水量最大的2003年NDVI最大值和生长季平均值最高。全生长季中气温和降水量与NDVI值具有显著或极显著相关,相对于气温、降水量对NDVI值影响更大;前一个月的气温和降水量对NDVI值的影响最大,植被对气象因子的响应具有时滞性。  相似文献   

落儿岭-土地岭断裂几何结构及晚第四纪活动特征初探     

疏鹏  路硕  方良好  郑颖平  宋方敏 《震灾防御技术》2018,13(1):87-97

落儿岭-土地岭断裂是东大别地区重要的发震构造,然而限于自然地理条件等因素,前人对其的研究并不充分。本文以发生多次中强地震的落儿岭-土地岭断裂为研究对象,在高精度卫星影像解译的基础上,通过详细的野外地质地貌调查,尤其是对典型断层剖面进行分析,研究落儿岭-土地岭断裂的断错地质地貌特征、几何结构及活动特征。通过野外调查并结合其他资料分析认为落儿岭-土地岭断裂为发育于大别造山带内部的一条走向NE、向NW陡倾的断裂带。依据地质地貌特征及地震活动性,断裂可以划分为杨树沟-黑石渡段和黑石渡-横塘岗乡段两个几何段落。断裂最新活动时代为中更新世晚期-晚更新世早期,断裂最新活动继承了中生代以来的运动方式,以兼具右旋走滑的拉张正断为主。  相似文献